1. The other type of ____ that one would find in the acid insoluble fraction of any living tissue is the nucleic acid.
Correct Answer: B
1. Acid-insoluble fraction contains large biomolecules. 2. These include proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids. 3. Such large molecules are called macromolecules. 4. Nucleic acids are also large in size. 5. Hence, they are classified as macromolecules. 6. Therefore, the correct answer is macromolecule.
2. Nucleic acids are ____.
Correct Answer: B
1. Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are large biomolecules. 2. They are made up of repeating units called nucleotides. 3. Many nucleotides join together to form long chains. 4. Such chains are called polynucleotides. 5. Hence, nucleic acids are polynucleotides. 6. Therefore, the correct answer is polynucleotides.
3. ___ Together with polysaccharides and polypeptides these comprise the true macromolecular fraction of any living tissue or cell.
Correct Answer: B
1. The acid-insoluble fraction contains macromolecules. 2. These include polysaccharides and polypeptides. 3. Another major class is nucleic acids. 4. Nucleic acids are large molecules made of nucleotides. 5. Together, these three form the true macromolecular fraction. 6. Lipids are present but not true macromolecules. 7. Hence, nucleic acids complete the group. 8. Therefore, the correct answer is nucleic acids.
4. For nucleic acids, the building block is a ____.
Correct Answer: C
1. Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA. 2. They are polymers made of repeating units. 3. These repeating units are called nucleotides. 4. Each nucleotide has a base, sugar and phosphate group. 5. Many nucleotides join to form long chains. 6. Hence, nucleotide is the building block of nucleic acids. 7. Therefore, the correct answer is nucleotide.
5. A nucleotide has ____ chemically distinct components.
Correct Answer: B
1. A nucleotide is the basic unit of nucleic acids. 2. It is made up of three parts. 3. These are a nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group. 4. Each component has a different chemical nature. 5. Hence, they are chemically distinct. 6. Therefore, a nucleotide has three components. 7. Thus, the correct answer is three.
6. One is a ____ , the second is a ____ and the third a ____.
Correct Answer: A
1. A nucleotide is made up of three components. 2. One component is a heterocyclic compound (nitrogen base). 3. The second component is a sugar (monosaccharide). 4. This sugar can be ribose or deoxyribose. 5. The third component is phosphoric acid or phosphate. 6. These three components combine to form a nucleotide. 7. This structure is basic for DNA and RNA. 8. Hence, option (a) is correct. 9. Therefore, the correct answer is option (a).
7. As you notice in Figure 9.1, the heterocyclic compounds in nucleic acids are the ____.
Correct Answer: B
1. Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides. 2. Each nucleotide has a nitrogenous base. 3. These bases are heterocyclic compounds. 4. They contain nitrogen in ring structure. 5. The main bases are adenine and guanine. 6. Also cytosine, thymine and uracil are present. 7. These bases form DNA and RNA structure. 8. Hence, the correct answer is adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine and thymine.
8. Adenine and Guanine are substituted ____ while the rest are substituted ____.
Correct Answer: B
1. Nitrogenous bases are part of nucleotides. 2. They are classified into two groups. 3. Adenine and guanine belong to purines. 4. Purines have a double ring structure. 5. Cytosine, thymine and uracil belong to pyrimidines. 6. Pyrimidines have a single ring structure. 7. Hence, adenine and guanine are purines. 8. The rest are pyrimidines. 9. Therefore, the correct answer is purines and pyrimidines.
9. The skeletal heterocyclic ring is called as ____ and ____ respectively.
Correct Answer: A
1. Nitrogenous bases contain heterocyclic rings. 2. These rings are of two types. 3. One type has a double ring structure. 4. This is called purine. 5. The other type has a single ring structure. 6. This is called pyrimidine. 7. These structures form the base of nucleotides. 8. Hence, the correct answer is purine and pyrimidine.
10. The sugar found in polynucleotides is either ____ or ____.
Correct Answer: B
1. Polynucleotides are long chains of nucleotides. 2. Each nucleotide contains a sugar molecule. 3. In RNA, the sugar is ribose. 4. Ribose is a pentose monosaccharide. 5. In DNA, the sugar is 2’ deoxyribose. 6. Deoxyribose lacks one oxygen compared to ribose. 7. Hence, the sugars are ribose and 2’ deoxyribose. 8. Therefore, the correct answer is ribose and 2’ deoxyribose.
11. A nucleic acid containing deoxyribose is called ____ while that which contains ribose is called ____.
Correct Answer: B
1. Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides. 2. Each nucleotide contains a sugar. 3. If the sugar is deoxyribose, the nucleic acid is DNA. 4. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. 5. If the sugar is ribose, the nucleic acid is RNA. 6. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid. 7. This difference is important in structure and function. 8. Hence, the correct answer is DNA and RNA. 9. Therefore, option (b) is correct.