9. Biomolecules

Correct Answer: C

1. Acid-insoluble pellet contains macromolecules.
2. These include proteins and nucleic acids.
3. Another important class is polysaccharides.
4. Polysaccharides are carbohydrates made of many sugar units.
5. They are large molecules and insoluble in acid.
6. Hence, they are part of acid-insoluble fraction.
7. Therefore, the correct answer is polysaccharides (carbohydrates).

Correct Answer: B

1. Polysaccharides are carbohydrates.
2. They are made up of repeating sugar units.
3. These sugar units are monosaccharides.
4. Many such units join together to form long chains.
5. Hence, polysaccharides are long chains of sugars.
6. Examples include starch and cellulose.
7. Therefore, the correct answer is sugars.

Correct Answer: B

1. Polysaccharides are long chain carbohydrates.
2. They are made of repeating monosaccharide units.
3. These monosaccharides act as basic units.
4. Such basic units are called building blocks.
5. The structure resembles threads like cotton.
6. Hence, monosaccharides are building blocks.
7. Therefore, the correct answer is building blocks.

Correct Answer: B

1. Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.
2. It is a polymer, meaning it is made of repeating units.
3. These repeating units are monosaccharides.
4. In cellulose, only one type of monosaccharide is present.
5. That monosaccharide is glucose.
6. Hence, cellulose is a homopolymer of glucose.
7. Therefore, the correct answer is glucose.

Correct Answer: B

1. Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.
2. It is made up of repeating units of glucose.
3. Only one type of monomer is present in cellulose.
4. A polymer with only one type of monomer is called a homopolymer.
5. Hence, cellulose is a homopolymer.
6. Therefore, the correct answer is homopolymer.

Correct Answer: B

1. Starch is a polysaccharide found in plants.
2. It is made up of glucose units.
3. Plants synthesize starch during photosynthesis.
4. It is stored in plant cells.
5. This stored starch acts as an energy reserve.
6. Hence, it is called a store house of energy.
7. Therefore, the correct answer is store house of energy.

Correct Answer: C

1. Polysaccharides have different forms in organisms.
2. Plants store energy as starch.
3. Animals also need an energy storage molecule.
4. In animals, this storage form is glycogen.
5. Glycogen is made of glucose units.
6. It is stored in liver and muscles.
7. Hence, the correct answer is glycogen.

Correct Answer: B

1. Inulin is a type of polysaccharide.
2. Polysaccharides are made of repeating sugar units.
3. Different polysaccharides have different monomers.
4. Inulin is composed of fructose units.
5. Hence, it is a polymer of fructose.
6. Therefore, the correct answer is fructose.

Correct Answer: B

1. Polysaccharides are long chains of sugar units.
2. These chains have two ends.
3. One end has a free aldehyde or ketone group.
4. This end can reduce other compounds and is called reducing end.
5. The opposite end does not have this property.
6. It is called non-reducing end.
7. In glycogen, right end is reducing end.
8. Left end is non-reducing end.
9. Hence, correct answer is reducing end and non-reducing end.
10. Therefore, option (b) is correct.

Correct Answer: C

1. Starch is a polysaccharide made of glucose units.
2. It has a specific structural arrangement.
3. The glucose chains are arranged in a spiral form.
4. This spiral form is called helical structure.
5. It is a type of secondary structure.
6. This structure helps in storage of energy.
7. Hence, starch forms helical secondary structures.
8. Therefore, the correct answer is helical secondary.

Correct Answer: C

1. Starch has a helical secondary structure.
2. This helix forms a hollow space inside.
3. Certain molecules can fit into this space.
4. Iodine (I2) molecules fit into the helical portion.
5. This interaction gives a characteristic blue colour.
6. This is used as a test for starch.
7. Hence, starch can hold I2 molecules.
8. Therefore, the correct answer is I2.

Correct Answer: C

1. Starch has a helical structure.
2. Iodine (I2) molecules fit into this helix.
3. This forms a starch-iodine complex.
4. The complex shows a characteristic colour.
5. The colour observed is blue.
6. This is used as a test for starch presence.
7. Hence, starch-I2 is blue in colour.
8. Therefore, the correct answer is blue.

Correct Answer: C

1. Cellulose is a polysaccharide made of glucose units.
2. Unlike starch, it does not form helical structures.
3. Its chains are arranged in straight fibers.
4. Because of this, it lacks internal cavities.
5. Iodine (I2) molecules require helical space to bind.
6. Since cellulose has no such structure, it cannot hold I2.
7. Hence, the correct answer is I2.

Correct Answer: C

1. Plant cells have a rigid outer covering.
2. This covering is called cell wall.
3. It provides support and protection.
4. The main component of plant cell wall is cellulose.
5. Cellulose is a polysaccharide made of glucose units.
6. It forms strong fibers.
7. Hence, plant cell walls are made of cellulose.
8. Therefore, the correct answer is cellulose.

Correct Answer: C

1. Plant pulp and cotton fibre come from plants.
2. Plant materials are rich in cellulose.
3. Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide.
4. It forms the main component of plant cell walls.
5. Paper is made from plant pulp.
6. Cotton fibre is also mainly cellulose.
7. Hence, both are cellulosic in nature.
8. Therefore, the correct answer is cellulosic.

Correct Answer: B

1. Polysaccharides are long chains of sugar units.
2. Some are simple like starch and cellulose.
3. Others have more complicated structures.
4. These may have branching and different linkages.
5. Such polysaccharides are called complex polysaccharides.
6. They perform diverse biological functions.
7. Hence, there are more complex polysaccharides in nature.
8. Therefore, the correct answer is complex.

Correct Answer: B

1. Complex polysaccharides are made of special sugar units.
2. These are not simple sugars like glucose only.
3. They include amino-sugars.
4. Examples are glucosamine and N-acetyl galactosamine.
5. These are chemically modified sugars.
6. Such sugars form the building blocks of complex polysaccharides.
7. Hence, the correct answer is amino-sugars and chemically modified sugars.

Correct Answer: C

1. Arthropods include insects, spiders and crustaceans.
2. They have a hard outer covering called exoskeleton.
3. This exoskeleton provides protection and support.
4. It is made of a complex polysaccharide.
5. This polysaccharide is called chitin.
6. Chitin is made of modified sugar units.
7. Hence, the correct answer is chitin.

Correct Answer: B

1. Complex polysaccharides are made of repeating sugar units.
2. Even though they may contain modified sugars, the repeating units are similar.
3. A polymer made of similar repeating units is called a homopolymer.
4. Examples include chitin made of N-acetyl glucosamine units.
5. Hence, complex polysaccharides are mostly homopolymers.
6. Therefore, the correct answer is homopolymers.